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Compact dataon educationThe most important statistics onthe educational system in Germanykmk.org
PrefaceDear readersfollowing the empirical turn in educational policy, surveysand statistical data on education have played an importantrole, and their significance in the debate on educationalpolicy continues to grow. One of the tasks of the Secretariatof the Standing Conference is to respond to queries for statistical data on education and to provide statistical data toexperts from the fields of research and educational policy,the press media and interested members of the public. Thisleaflet contains an overview of important facts and figuresabout schools, institutions of higher education, expenditure for education, science and research, forecasts in thefields of school and higher education as well as individualstatistical data for the Länder.Udo MichallikSecretary General of theStanding Conference of the Ministersof Education and Cultural AffairsEducation inGermanyat a glanceThe responsibility for the educational system in Germany resultsfrom the distribution of competence in Article 30 of the Constitution.According to this, the main responsibility for the school sector, thehigher education sector, adult education, continuing educationand culture falls under so-called cultural sovereignty of the Länder.Further information can be found glish.html
Distribution of pupilsaccording to school typesEducation inGermanyat a glancein grade 8 in BySntHHeMVHH18%BwtH12% LNIHHNWSnHeMVBBbbSTHBNINWSpecial schoolsHHSnMVSnBBNINWSLHeHHBEHHMVFree Waldorf schoolsNWNWBBHBHBNIBBHeHBIntegrated chool type with several educational BSTHBhhBESnSHBwByBytHBwByHigher education entrancequalification (University)SHtHBwSHtHSchool leaversByForecast 2018 to 2030BwtHBwByByShare of the population of the same age group in %60,0Mittlerer Abschluss50,0ByHigher education entrance qualificationHigher education entrance qualification (Fachhochschule)Mittlerer AbschlussHauptschulabschlussw/o 010,0w/o Hauptschulabschluss20082009201020112018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 203020122013201420152016New students2008 until 20172017FachhochschulenUniversitiesPupils at vocational schoolsaccording to school types in 2017Part-time vocational schools(within the dual system ofvocational education and training)Source: German Federal Statistical OfficeFachoberschulen(technical colleges)500,000Fachgymnasien(special grammar schools)400,0001% Berufs-/8% Technische Oberschule(higher/technical vocational schools)300,0006% 200,000Berufsfachschulen(vocational colleges)100,00018% 62% 20082009201020112012201320142015201620170% Basic vocational training yearPre-vocational training year5%
Expenditure on education, compact 6Schools in GermanyTotal no. of schoolspublicin %privately sponsoredin %general edu.vocational(1)Pupils 2general education schoolsvocational schoolsTeachers 2, 3general education schoolsvocational schoolsPupils per teacher, totalgeneral education schoolsvocational schoolsSchool leavers 2from general education schoolsw/o hauptschulabschlussin % 4hauptschulabschlussin %mittlerer schulabschluss(intermediate level qualification)4in %higher edu. entrance qualification4in % 4from vocational schoolshigher edu. entrance qualificationin %4Eligible to studyof which female in %overall ratio of people eligible to study4higher edu. entrance qualification4higher edu. entrance qualification4Trainees 5of which 538,27736,67935,92692,1 %87,6 %86,3 %86,0 %4,0735,4285,8215,8397,9 %12,4 %13,7 %14,0 ,67984,99853,04147,43952,6829,4 %6,5 %5,9 %6,5 %233,306173,848135,663130,30325,7 %21,4 %17,0 %16,2 %374,455349,137368,432354,27640,9 %42,6 %45,8 %43,7 %240,033281,145288,268287,41825,6 %30,3 %34,8 %33,7 7156,557153,36011,4 %18,7 %18,2 %17,2 %346,514458,322444,825440,77853,6 %52,8 %52,7 %53,1 967559,032516,639515,6797Total no. of new studentsof which female in %at universitiesat fachhochschulennew students quota8Total no. of students 7of which female in %at universitiesat fachhochschulenGerman students abroad422444445168179181181Foreign students inGermany 7foreign students7non-mobile foreign students7Graduates (first-time graduates)of which female in %11Total no. of degrees 10, 11bachelor and equivalent qualificationsmaster and equivalent qualificationsteacher training incl. bachelor andmasterPhDHigher education staff ers264513,16649,2 %49,5 %50,2 %50,8 18,02233,3 %46,0 %58,2 %57,0 %1,799,3382,217,6042,757,7992,844,97846,1 %47,8 %48,0 %48,5 32139,700340,3059,19,29,0128,5174,8200,1including public sector95,2137,8private sector33,334,70,650,6(in thousand )(in thousand 684128,374,0862,979,0127,769,1609,817,984(in thousand. )Public education budget acc. to educational fieldspublic spending for day-care facilitiesgeneral education and vocational schoolsspending per pupilinstitutions of higher educationcurrent expenditure per studentother educationyouth and youth associations workpupil / student support354444,719281,7Public education budget acc. to remenhamburghessemecklenburg-western pommeranialower saxonynorth 67237,0Federal education budget2015263183,4Total public expenditure on education20102432016budget for research and development20001862010abroadInstitutions of higher education in GermanyTotal no. of l budget for education. research andscience for Germany overall (billion )share of gdpbudget for education10,837,182720,482Teacher recruitment demand and supply 14 12,650,2522,887,059(in thousand nding by the federal employment agency and the federalministry of labour and social affairs for initial education-4,331,3043,692,624additional expenditure to supportvocational training-2,746,9872,922,154Forecasts forthe school sectorTotal no. of pupils13general education schoolsin %vocational schoolsin %pre-school levelprimary levelsecondary level isecondary level ii (gen. edu. schools)special schoolssecondary level ii (vocational schools, full-time form)secondary level ii(vocational schools, part-time form)Total no. of school leavers 13general education schoolsw/o hauptschulabschlusswith hauptschulabschlussmittlerer schulabschluss(intermediate level qualification)with higher edu. entrance qualificationwith higher edu. entrance qualificationvocational schoolswith higher edu. entrance qualificationwith higher edu. entrance qualificationTotal no. of pupils eligible to study 13with higher edu. entrance qualificationwith higher edu. entrance 90,04890,957Teacher recruitment demandla 1 - primary schoolla 2 - primary school/sec. ila 3 - sec. ila 4 - sec ii (gen.)la 5 - sec ii (voc.)la 6 - special educationpract. exp.totalTeacher recruitment supplyla 1 - primary schoolla 2 - primary school/sec. ila 3 - sec. ila 4 - sec ii (gen.)la 5 - sec ii (voc.)la 6 - special educationpract. exp.totalBalancela 1 - primary schoolla 2 - primary school/sec. ila 3 - sec. ila 4 - sec ii (gen.)la 5 - sec ii (voc.)la 6 - special educationpract. 0-660Compact dataon educationla1 Teaching professions in primary schools or at primary levella2 Overarching teaching professions at primary level and all or individual types of schools at lower secondary levella3 Teaching professions at all or individual types of schools at lower secondary levella4 Teaching professions at upper secondary level (general education subjects) or Gymnasiumla5 Teaching professions at upper secondary level (vocational subjects) or vocational schoolsla6 Special needs teaching professionspractical experience teachers for practical experiencePupils andpupils eligible to studyacc. to LänderTotal no. of emenhamburghessemecklenburg-western pommeranialower saxonynorth saxony-anhaltschleswig-holsteinthuringiawest german ländereast german ländercity statestotal2000 22017 22018 132025 132030 18210,881,51111,067,85311,164,608Total no. of pupils eligible to hessemecklenburg-western pom8,364merania31,627lower saxony85,384north -holstein12,552thuringia255,237west german länder66,514east german länder24,763city states346,514totalComposition profiles 16 forlower secondary level school typesin 2015 acc. to selected featuresof the body of pupils in grade 9 and Länder groups17Lowreading skillsHighshare ofmigrantshauptschule65,100realschuleschool with severaleducational programmesintegrated comprehensive 839,33333,481441,456405,878437,262440,778Low socioeconomicstatusLow level ofparents’educationsources and comments1 Fachserie 11, Reihe 1 of the Federal Statistical Office2 S tatistics published by the KMK: pupils, classes,teachers and school-leavers3 Full-time teacher units4 Share of residential population of the same agegroup (ratio totals method)5 Fachserie 11, Reihe 3 of the Federal Statistical Office6 Educational Finance Report 2018, 2016: provisionalactual Note: Certain data is only availablefor individual years.7 Fachserie 11 Reihe 4.1 of the Federal Statistical Office8 Share of age-specific population(ratio totals method) Source: new students quotafrom FS 11 R 4.3.19 Federal Statistical Office 2017 (no figure available yetfor 2017)10 The number of degrees is usually higher than thatof the graduates because one person is sometimesawarded several degrees11 Federal Statistical Office, Fachserie 11, Reihe 4.212 Federal Statistical Office, Fachserie 11, Reihe 4.413 Statistics published by the KMK No. 213: projectionof the number of school leavers and graduates2016 to 2030 (May 2018)14 Statistics published by the KMK No. 216: Teacherrecruitment demand and supply in the FederalRepublic of Germany 2018 to 2030 –summarised model calculations of the Länder15 Rounded figures may lead to differences in thetotals16 The mean forms of selected features of the bodyof pupils can be interpreted as z-standardised asdifferences in levels between the school types.17 IQB educational trends 2015, weighted and imputed data (pupil weight and school weight),special analysis of IQB
DesignData basisStatistics: January 2019SourcesMinistries of Education and Cultural Affairs of the LänderGerman Federal Statistical OfficeBildungsfinanzbericht (Educational Finance Report)IQB (Institute for Educational Quality Improvement)Legal noticesSecretariat of the Standing Conferenceof the Ministers of Education and Cultural Affairsof the Länder in the Federal Republic of GermanyPhoto: Gorodenkoff/Shutterstock.comDepartment IV C – Statistics10117 Berlin, GermanyTaubenstraße 10Phone 49 30 25418-499Fax 49 30 [email protected] relationsAndreas Schmitz, M.A.Phone 49 228 501-611[email protected] in Februrary 2019kmk.orgkmk.org
School type with several educational programmes Hauptschule Berufsfachschulen (vocational colleges) 0% Basic vocational training year . with hauptschulabschluss 129,212 122,487 125,7
